Research Library
RESET — Mitochondrial DefenseCoenzyme Q10 Phytosome

Ubiqsome® CoQ10

The only form of CoQ10 demonstrated in pharmacokinetic studies to achieve 3–5x higher bioavailability than standard ubiquinone (Indena S.p.A. manufacturer data) — delivering the mitochondrial electron carrier and membrane antioxidant that powers overnight cellular energy synthesis and repair.

9 min read 3 Clinical Trials 150 mg per serving

Primacy Research

Key Benefits

What Ubiqsome® CoQ10 Does For You

Mitochondrial Energy Production

CoQ10 is the only mobile electron carrier in the mitochondrial inner membrane — shuttling electrons between Complex I/II and Complex III to drive ATP synthesis. Without adequate CoQ10, the electron transport chain cannot function at full capacity.

Lipid-Soluble Membrane Antioxidant

Ubiquinol (reduced CoQ10) is the only fat-soluble antioxidant synthesized by the body — embedded in mitochondrial membranes where it quenches lipid peroxyl radicals before they initiate chain reactions.

3–5x Enhanced Bioavailability

Ubiqsome® phytosome technology complexes CoQ10 with phosphatidylcholine, achieving 3–5x higher plasma concentrations than standard ubiquinone — achieving plasma concentrations comparable to those seen at 450–750 mg of standard CoQ10 in pharmacokinetic studies — though clinical outcome equivalence at this dose has not been directly demonstrated.

Cardiovascular Outcome Evidence

The Q-SYMBIO trial (n=420) demonstrated 50% reduction in major cardiovascular events and 44% reduction in CV mortality with CoQ10 300 mg/day over 2 years — the strongest mortality data for any CoQ10 intervention.

Overnight ATP Synthesis Support

Cellular repair, protein synthesis, and membrane remodeling during sleep all require ATP. Ubiqsome® CoQ10 supports the mitochondrial electron transport chain during the overnight window when repair demands peak.

The Problem

The Mitochondrial Energy Crisis

Coenzyme Q10 is the only fat-soluble antioxidant synthesized endogenously and the only mobile electron carrier in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Its decline with age, depletion by statins, and poor oral bioavailability in standard forms create a compounding energy and antioxidant deficit that is particularly severe during overnight recovery.

Mitochondrial Decline

Endogenous CoQ10 synthesis declines approximately 50% between ages 20 and 80. The mitochondrial inner membrane loses its primary electron shuttle, reducing ETC efficiency, increasing electron leak, and generating higher levels of superoxide — all while the demand for ATP synthesis during overnight repair remains constant.

Statin-Induced Depletion

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) block the mevalonate pathway, which is the same biosynthetic pathway that produces CoQ10. Statin use reduces plasma CoQ10 by 40–50% and muscle CoQ10 concentrations by measurable amounts, directly contributing to the myopathy and fatigue commonly reported by statin users.

Overnight Repair Bottleneck

The majority of cellular repair, protein synthesis, and membrane remodeling occurs during sleep — all processes requiring ATP. CoQ10 deficiency creates a bottleneck at the ETC that limits ATP synthesis precisely when overnight recovery demands are highest. Standard CoQ10 supplements fail to address this because their absorption is too poor to meaningfully raise mitochondrial CoQ10 levels.

Mechanism of Action

How Ubiqsome® CoQ10 Works

Ubiqsome® is a phytosome technology that binds CoQ10 to phosphatidylcholine, creating a self-emulsifying complex that dramatically improves oral absorption while delivering CoQ10 directly to mitochondrial membranes where it functions as both an electron carrier and membrane-bound antioxidant.

01

Phytosome Absorption: 3–5x Bioavailability

Standard CoQ10 (ubiquinone) is a large, lipophilic molecule with only 2–3% absorption from the GI tract. Ubiqsome® technology complexes CoQ10 with phosphatidylcholine using a patented process that creates a molecularly dispersed, self-emulsifying complex. This complex integrates into bile micelles during digestion, achieving 3–5x higher peak plasma concentration and AUC compared to standard ubiquinone.

02

Electron Acceptance at Complex I and Complex II

CoQ10 accepts electrons from NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) and succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex II), becoming reduced to ubiquinol (CoQH₂). This step is the entry point for electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle into the electron transport chain.

03

Electron Shuttling and Proton Pumping

Ubiquinol (CoQH₂) carries electrons across the inner mitochondrial membrane to ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex III). The Q cycle at Complex III uses the energy of electron transfer to pump 2 protons per electron across the inner membrane, contributing to the electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthase.

04

ATP Synthesis via Proton Gradient

The proton gradient generated by Complexes I, III, and IV drives ATP synthase (Complex V), producing ~2.5 ATP per NADH oxidized. CoQ10’s efficiency as an electron shuttle directly determines the rate of proton pumping and therefore the maximum rate of mitochondrial ATP synthesis.

05

Membrane Antioxidant: Lipid Peroxidation Prevention

Ubiquinol (the reduced form of CoQ10) is the only fat-soluble antioxidant synthesized de novo by the body. Embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, ubiquinol quenches lipid peroxyl radicals before they initiate chain reactions that destroy membrane integrity. This antioxidant function is independent of and additive to CoQ10’s electron carrier role.

Clinical Evidence

What the Research Shows

CoQ10 evidence spans cardiovascular outcomes research, statin myopathy trials, and pharmacokinetic bioavailability studies — with Ubiqsome®’s phytosome technology demonstrating the absorption profile required to actually deliver therapeutic CoQ10 concentrations.

2014 RCTDouble-blind, placebo-controlled · n=420 · Q-SYMBIO Trial
50%
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Heart Failure Study
p=0.003 vs. placebo (in patients with chronic heart failure, NYHA III-IV — results may not apply to healthy individuals). Study conducted in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients. This product is not intended to treat heart disease.
44%
Mortality Outcomes in Heart Failure Study
Strongest CoQ10 mortality data to date (in patients with chronic heart failure, NYHA III-IV — results may not apply to healthy individuals). Study conducted in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients. This product is not intended to treat heart disease.
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events — CoQ10 vs. Placebo
CoQ10 300 mg/day
50% reduction
Placebo
Comparator

Mortensen et al. (2014). JACC: Heart Failure, 2(6):641–649. Q-SYMBIO trial: CoQ10 300 mg/day in chronic heart failure patients over 2 years.

2007 RCTDouble-blind, active-controlled (vitamin E comparator) · n=32 statin users
40%
Reduction in Muscle Pain
p<0.001 vs. vitamin E comparator
38%
Reduction in Pain Interference
Daily activity pain scores
Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms — CoQ10 vs. Placebo
CoQ10 100 mg/day
40% pain reduction
Vitamin E 400 IU
Active comparator

Caso et al. (2007). American Journal of Cardiology, 99(10):1409–1412. CoQ10 supplementation reduces statin-associated myopathy symptoms in patients on statin therapy.

Pharmacokinetic StudyComparative bioavailability · Ubiqsome® vs. standard CoQ10
4x
Higher Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
Ubiqsome® vs. standard ubiquinone
2.5%
Typical Absorption of Standard CoQ10
Poor oral bioavailability of crystalline ubiquinone
Plasma CoQ10 AUC — Ubiqsome® vs. Standard Ubiquinone
Ubiqsome®
3–5x AUC
Standard CoQ10
Baseline

Indena S.p.A. Internal pharmacokinetic data. Ubiqsome® phytosome technology comparative bioavailability in healthy human subjects.

Dosage & Bioavailability

Your Daily Dose in RESET

Clinical Dose Range
100–300 mg
Standard CoQ10 dose range across published clinical trials
RESET Delivers
150 mg
Ubiqsome® CoQ10 per serving — phytosome-enhanced for 3–5x higher absorption
Effective Equivalent
~450–750 mg
Estimated plasma concentration equivalent of standard ubiquinone based on 3–5x bioavailability advantage (PK data; clinical outcome equivalence not directly demonstrated)

Why this dose works: 150 mg of Ubiqsome® achieves plasma CoQ10 concentrations comparable to those seen at 450–750 mg of standard ubiquinone in pharmacokinetic studies — though clinical outcome equivalence at this dose has not been directly demonstrated. RESET uses Ubiqsome® specifically because standard CoQ10’s 2–3% absorption rate means most of an oral dose never reaches mitochondria. The phytosome form also delivers CoQ10 complexed with phosphatidylcholine — the primary phospholipid of cell membranes — which may facilitate direct membrane integration.

Formula Synergy

How Ubiqsome® CoQ10 Connects Across the System

CoQ10 is not a standalone antioxidant or energy compound. Inside RESET, it occupies a central position in the mitochondrial electron transport system, where it requires upstream substrates, downstream electron acceptors, and membrane-level antioxidant partners to function at full capacity.

RESET

Krebs Cycle → ETC Continuity

CoQ10 accepts electrons from NADH produced by the Krebs cycle (Complex I) and from FADH₂ produced by succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II). RESET’s Di-Magnesium Malate provides malate — a direct Krebs cycle intermediate — ensuring a constant supply of NADH and FADH₂ substrates for CoQ10 to shuttle. Malate and CoQ10 together maintain ETC flux from substrate through to ATP synthesis.

RESET

Antioxidant Network Relay

Ubiquinol (reduced CoQ10) quenches lipid peroxyl radicals in the mitochondrial membrane, becoming oxidized back to ubiquinone in the process. Selenium’s GPx1 neutralizes the hydrogen peroxide that escapes the membrane phase. NeoAXT™ (astaxanthin) physically spans the mitochondrial membrane and quenches singlet oxygen at the lipid bilayer. These three antioxidants operate in physical and chemical sequence, not redundantly.

RESET

Dual-Compartment Antioxidant Defense

Ubiquinol operates within the hydrophobic interior of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Selenium’s GPx1 and TrxR operate in the aqueous mitochondrial matrix. These two antioxidant compartments defend against different classes of ROS: lipid peroxyl radicals (membrane) vs. hydrogen peroxide and hydroperoxides (matrix). RESET covers both compartments simultaneously.

APEX → RESET

The Mitochondrial Lifecycle

APEX provides Di-Magnesium Malate (Krebs cycle fuel) and SalidroPURE™ (AMPK activation, mitochondrial biogenesis signaling) during waking hours. RESET provides Ubiqsome® CoQ10 (electron carrier, membrane antioxidant) and additional Di-Magnesium Malate overnight for cellular energy replenishment. The APEX daytime mitochondrial activation is completed and maintained by RESET’s overnight repair support.

Summary

Key Takeaways

01

The Only Mobile Electron Carrier in the Mitochondrial Membrane

CoQ10 is irreplaceable in the electron transport chain — no other molecule performs its specific function as a mobile electron shuttle between Complexes I/II and Complex III. Its decline with age and depletion by statins directly impairs the fundamental mechanism of cellular energy production.

02

Phytosome Technology Solves the Bioavailability Problem

Standard CoQ10 has 2–3% oral bioavailability. Ubiqsome®’s phytosome technology achieves 3–5x higher plasma concentrations, achieving plasma concentrations comparable to those seen at 450–750 mg of standard ubiquinone in pharmacokinetic studies — though clinical outcome equivalence at this dose has not been directly demonstrated. This is not a marginal formulation improvement — it’s the difference between a therapeutic dose and an ineffective one.

03

Dual Function: Electron Carrier and Membrane Antioxidant

CoQ10 serves two distinct biological roles: mobile electron carrier in the ETC and the only endogenously synthesized lipid-soluble antioxidant in the mitochondrial membrane. Both functions are critical during overnight recovery, when ATP synthesis and membrane repair operate simultaneously.

04

Completes the RESET Mitochondrial Defense System

Inside RESET, CoQ10 connects to malate (Krebs cycle substrate supply), copper (Complex IV terminal electron acceptor), selenium (aqueous matrix antioxidant), and astaxanthin (membrane lipid antioxidant). Each component addresses a different step or compartment of mitochondrial function — CoQ10 is the electron shuttle that connects them all.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Ubiqsome® CoQ10?

Ubiqsome® is a phytosome form of Coenzyme Q10 — CoQ10 complexed with phosphatidylcholine using patented technology from Indena S.p.A. This creates a self-emulsifying complex that achieves 3–5x higher plasma concentrations than standard crystalline ubiquinone, solving the critical bioavailability problem that limits most CoQ10 supplements.

Why is CoQ10 important for mitochondrial function?

CoQ10 serves two irreplaceable roles in mitochondria: it’s the only mobile electron carrier shuttling electrons from Complex I/II to Complex III in the electron transport chain (driving ATP synthesis), and it’s the only endogenously synthesized fat-soluble antioxidant protecting mitochondrial membranes from lipid peroxidation.

What happens to CoQ10 levels with age?

Endogenous CoQ10 synthesis declines approximately 50% between ages 20 and 80. Statin medications further deplete CoQ10 by 40–50% by blocking the mevalonate pathway used for both cholesterol and CoQ10 synthesis. This dual decline creates a compounding energy and antioxidant deficit.

What does the clinical research show for CoQ10?

The Q-SYMBIO trial (Mortensen et al., 2014, n=420) showed 50% reduction in major cardiovascular events and 44% reduction in CV mortality with 300 mg/day over 2 years. Caso et al. (2007) demonstrated 40% reduction in statin-associated muscle pain. Ubiqsome® pharmacokinetic data shows 3–5x higher bioavailability vs. standard CoQ10.

Why phytosome form instead of standard CoQ10?

Standard crystalline CoQ10 has only 2–3% oral bioavailability — most of an oral dose never reaches mitochondria. Ubiqsome® phytosome technology complexes CoQ10 with phosphatidylcholine, which integrates into bile micelles during digestion for dramatically improved absorption. This means 150 mg of Ubiqsome® achieves plasma concentrations comparable to those seen at 450–750 mg of standard CoQ10 in pharmacokinetic studies.

How much Ubiqsome® CoQ10 is in RESET?

RESET delivers 150 mg of Ubiqsome® CoQ10 per serving. With the phytosome’s 3–5x bioavailability advantage, this achieves plasma concentrations comparable to those seen at 450–750 mg of standard ubiquinone in pharmacokinetic studies — though clinical outcome equivalence at this dose has not been directly demonstrated.

References

References

  1. [1]
    Mortensen, S. A., Rosenfeldt, F., Kumar, A., Dolliner, P., Filipiak, K. J., Pella, D., ... & Littarru, G. P. (2014). The effect of coenzyme Q10 on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure: Results from Q-SYMBIO: A randomized double-blind trial. JACC: Heart Failure, 2(6), 641–649.View
  2. [2]
    Caso, G., Kelly, P., McNurlan, M. A., & Lawson, W. E. (2007). Effect of coenzyme Q10 on myopathic symptoms in patients treated with statins. American Journal of Cardiology, 99(10), 1409–1412.View

Recharge Your Cellular Engine

Ubiqsome® CoQ10 is one of the active ingredients in RESET, engineered to work as a system — not a stack of standalone compounds.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.